Organic Chemistry Tutors - Regents Review

Organic Chemistry Tutors - Regents ReviewAs one of the leading organic chemistry tutors in the UK, the Regents Review is here to make you the best chemist in the country. In order to do this they use your hard work to guide them and teach you the chemistry you need to pass your tests.We have all heard of what the Regents Review is. It sounds like a big deal, but in actuality it is a one time thing. You will only have to answer some questions about your knowledge and you will be in a class full of students who are basically the same as you are.Now the Regents Review is not something that is really used by the majority of chemistry tutors. This is because it can be tedious and is mostly a one time thing.The Regents Review is when the Tutors from Regents College review your knowledge so they can see if you are able to provide high quality education to the students in their classes. If they do not find that you have a good grasp of what you are teaching, they will allow you to pass the t est that they will be giving you to assess if you do have the skills needed to pass their course.You can't really find out about the Regents Review, unless you pay them to give you a review of yourself. But what makes this so great is that it is usually a one time thing and only happens once a year.You will only be given a quick exam to assess your knowledge of chemistry and you won't really have to worry about the Regents Review at all. There is also no need to find out if you do have the right stuff, because once you are on the curriculum you will be given it over again.The Regents Review is a great tool for students and a fun one for the tutor. In fact, you can take your tutor's class for free and get an extra one year degree through Regents Review.The next time you go to take your chemistry Regents Review they will be giving you a quiz and then you will be in a class full of students who are the same as you. It is a fun way to learn chemistry and the best part is you get to take it once!

Chemistry Chapter 9: Introducing The Basic Elements And Reactions

Chemistry Chapter 9: Introducing The Basic Elements And ReactionsStarting with Chemistry chapter 9 will help students learn the basic elements and reactions that occur in the different reactions within chemical processes. This will give them a general understanding of chemistry as well as the importance of using scientific principles to make informed decisions. They will also be able to use their common sense when dealing with chemical reaction to solve common problems.The chapter contains lists for two of the most important chemical terms to memorize at an elementary level - the element and the reactants. These will have special applications for a greater understanding of the material.Using the list of reactants and the list of the elements is one way to remember these elements and their reactions. Each reaction requires a specific type of element or group of elements to react with, thus it is important to memorize the list. Other reaction names include: the individual elements, che mical compounds, oxides, neutral compounds, and dichromates. Students should learn the symbols for these different types of reactions.In addition to learning the symbols for the elements, the chapter teaches students to understand what the word 'compound' means and how this is used when referring to the substances they are made from. A compound is made up of two or more elements. There are some chemicals that are comprised of compounds consisting of two or more individual chemical elements.When learning about chemistry, it is important to understand how different reactions can be used to produce different products. One product created by an oxidizing reaction is shown with the 'X' symbol. The symbol for a reducing reaction is shown with the 'R' symbol.Oxidation can create a compound which can only be obtained from an oxidation reaction. An oxidation reaction will only occur when an element has already been changed to another element. The reaction which creates a molecule containing oxygen can take place with carbon dioxide and water, or with nitrogen, potassium, and sodium.With the right knowledge of chemistry, students will be able to recognize properties of different substances and elements which can be used to assist them in making and buying chemical products. Chemical reactions in the chemistry section of the grade school curriculum will help students in identifying different chemical reactions and how chemical products and reactions can create useful products.

Your #1 Priority When Starting a New Job - Introvert Whisperer

Introvert Whisperer / Your #1 Priority When Starting a New Job - Introvert Whisperer Your #1 Priority When Starting a New Job Congratulations!  You have landed a new job and I’m sure you’re eager to get started.  Your mind is probably in a whirl thinking about what you will do in those first few days to learn everything you need to know.  Your plan is to be a rock star in this new place of business.   You can be a great success if you keep in mind your highest priority activity.   #1= Great working relationships.  With the new boss and your new peers.   Sure, you do need to learn how to do your job in this new setting as well as important things like the office supplies and water fountain locations.  If you haven’t yet discovered, your relationships, especially with the boss, will be the major factor for both your job satisfaction and success.   There seem to be three groups of people in the workplace when it comes to relationship development: Automatically knows and works on developing relationships at work Doesn’t pay attention to it or thinks too much about it Goes out of the way to avoid relationships with the boss and co-workers; the “I want to separate my personal life from work” type of people   If you happen to be in the first group- good for you.  I’m sure you’ll be doing well for a long time.  If you are in either of the other two groups, you have work to do to attain the type of success you believe you are capable of.   Let me make lay out the reasons developing relationships at work is important and some attitude checks: People support other people they know, like and trust.  If they don’t’ know you other than brief moments of business focused interactions, they won’t support you.  It’s that simple.  We are tribal creatures.  If you don’t attempt to integrate into a group, there can be a range of reactions.  At best, you get ignored.  At the worst, they will try to make you go away.  Support of your peers and boss is the single biggest success factor. All work is interdependent.  It is virtually impossible to be completely autonomous if you work for someone.  That means your work depends on others and vice versa.  Think of it like the inner workings of a watch.  All the cogs must mesh and when one cog doesn’t mesh the watch has to be fixed.  The bad cog removed and replaced.  That isn’t a rock star status. You are never a “neutral” to the boss.  You are a big boost, a big problem or invisible.  If you are invisible, you get ignored which means you won’t get the big assignments or promotions.  If you are a problem, you either get fixed or removed. (Both painful)  If you are a boost, you are valued, desirable and will be uppermost in the thoughts of the boss for assignments, promotions and pay increase.  Isn’t that really worth it? Attitude check.  It’s ok to separate your personal life from your business life but you don’t do it by virtue of avoiding relationships.  You separate the two by things like limiting your personal life sharing.  Not all of it has to be private and it isn’t if you think about it.  Also, developing relationships is all about getting to know YOU not whether or not you and your mother get along.   Working Relationship Development Tips: Be friendly.  Smile and let your co-worker know you are approachable. Have a sense of humor.  We all love someone who doesn’t take everything so seriously all the time.  It reduces stress and reinforces you are comfortable to be around. Be interested in your co-workers.  Take an extra minute to chat when you walk by someone or see them.  It doesn’t need to turn into a long, drawn out conversation.  Ask questions about them as part of getting to know them and make that information the basis of

A Guide to GCSE English

A Guide to GCSE English An Introduction To English Language GCSE and English Literature GCSE ChaptersTips to Prepare For The English Language GCSERevision Tips For Students On GCSE English Literature CoursesGCSE English Past PapersOnline Guides And Resources Designed For English CoursesGCSE English Exam TimetablesGCSE English for AdultsAs a student in Year 10 or 4th Form, taking exams is probably quite a new challenge to you, not to mention daunting. Knowing that you are going to have to complete a set of tests across a dozen subjects is a scary prospect.The good news is that you can, if you haven’t discovered already, choose some of the subjects that you will study during the course of the GCSE programme. This freedom to select subjects which you prefer or are better at should make you feel slightly more at ease as you enter this mysterious phase of your education.One of the downsides of being a GCSE student is the unknown : never having experienced exam conditions, not knowing what kind of grades you will be awarded at the end of the two years, no clue which college you will go to or where your friends will end up… this is quite a lot to worry about for someone who has probably been at the same school and with the same classmates for the last few years.From the offset, your GCSE course will take you out of your comfort zone and introduce you to new ways of learning, a new attitude and a better outlook on life beyond the four walls of your form room.We are here to reassure you that change is okay, and being a bit scared is too! Even if you do not know where you will be or what you will be doing a few years from now, completing this course will open your eyes to a vast range of possibilities. With any lucky, it will help to make you look to the future with anticipation and excitement.Naturally, for some people, academia does not come easily. This compulsory course will help these individuals to work out where their strengths lie and give them a set of useful skills which they too can apply to life beyond education, no matter what industry they purs ue.The GCSE English Course: A Brief OverviewFor those among you who do not already know, GCSE stands for General Certificate of Secondary Education. Traditionally taken by students aged around sixteen years-old, these qualifications are a compulsory form of assessment taken at the end of a two-year study programme. However, it is not uncommon for adult students to return to school to re-sit their GCSE exams (for some older generations, the equivalent exams were called O Levels). In Scotland, they are known as Standard Grade.Select a reputable English tutor here!GCSEs are a compulsory study programme for students in the UK. Photo credit: Gareth1953 All Right Now via VisualHunt.comGCSEs are an important first step towards further study or getting a job, with many colleges and recruiters asking to see proof of GCSE passes before considering your application. Whilst you have to study a set of core subjects (namely English, Maths and Science), you are able to pick other study areas to su it your abilities.Whether these are hands-on, practical subjects or academically-focused ones, your GCSEs will be your main tools for convincing establishments to take a chance on you for years to come.The Benefits Of English GCSEHopefully, you already love English. But if not, you may be wondering why you are being forced to study English Language and Literature. Although you will be used to learning about grammar and vocabulary as a result of your early education years, you should know that this GCSE course is much more advanced, therefore more interesting than ever before.During the course, you will examine fiction and non-fiction texts, spoken language, you will also consider how you approach writing and, of course, there will be an element of spelling, punctuation and grammar to cover. By analysing and comparing texts, you will be able to improve on your ability to interpret the author’s messages and in turn improve your own communication skills.The study of English enables y ou to develop some key transferable skills which will benefit you not only while you are at school, but also in the outside world. Better spoken and written skills will impact on your ability to get yourself noticed, and will provide a strong foundation to grow on as you enter your desired workplace.Communication is key to any business, so having a great command of English is extremely sought after.GCSE English is a specification offered by five or more exam boards: AQA, Edexcel, Eduqas, OCR, WJEC and other lesser known organisations, though the most common options in mainland England are AQA, Edexcel or OCR. Below is some information on where to find learning resources and revision materials for your selected specification, and some useful tips on using these to your advantage.AQA is among the UK's most popular choices for exam boards for English and has been for many years. Photo credit: julian- via VisualHunt.com CalumDrama School Entrance Teacher 5.00 (15) £50/h1st lesson free !Discover all our tutors ToriSpanish Teacher 5.00 (1) £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors OliviaSchool support Teacher 5.00 (2) £21/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MarkESOL (English) Teacher 4.76 (17) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors YuweiChinese Teacher 4.33 (6) £19/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JenniferMusic reading Teacher 5.00 (1) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LouiseAutoCAD Teacher 5.00 (3) £60/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors RickyPercussion Teacher 5.00 (7) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors NicolasGuitar Teacher 5.00 (2) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MyriamOrganic chemistry Teacher 5.00 (13) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JonathanEconomics Teacher 5.00 (9) £40/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors Oluwakemi imoleMaths Teacher 5.00 (1) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AlexPhysics Teacher 5.00 (1) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tut ors AdamSinging Teacher 5.00 (14) £48/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ValentiniMusic reading Teacher 5.00 (2) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MilenaMaths Teacher 5.00 (5) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors RashmiEconomics Teacher 5.00 (1) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsTips to Prepare For The English Language GCSETheir are lots of useful materials out there to help you prepare for GCSE English Language.Where To Find Resources For English Language CoursesHelpful resources can be found on each of the exam boards’ websites. For example, AQA’s website has a page linking to teaching resources as well as documents for students to download. In addition, keen pupils might like to flick through the board’s catalogue of newsletters to read about hot topics in relation to English GCSE over recent months, as well as to find advice on how to tackle their coursework and assessments in a way that will impress the examiner. Although much of the information is geared towards teaching staff, you will find some materials designed for learners.OCR, meanwhile, proposes high-quality resources which can be searched by qualification type and resource type, to help you find the right documents for you. If there is anything you cannot find, the board invites you to request or suggest a resource by contacting them. You can also download a skills guide from their site to match your personal skills to particular qualifications. This could be a worthwhile activity for those unsure where they are heading.Do not miss the past papers either, which can be a great help for English when it comes to preparing for exams. You can read more on past papers in the dedicated section below.Aside from the official exam boards’ websites, you may find some relevant information and tools in revision packs found in book stores. High street chain WH Smith, for instance, stocks a number of paperback guides adapted to different topics and techniques. Prices vary but generally books cost in the region of £5- £10.Shops like WH Smith might also stock study guides produced by independent organisations specialising in educational books, like CGP for example. CGP offers a range of printed materials to be used for revision and practice. Go to the CGP website to find a ‘students’ area offering you all you will need.How Best To Use Resources To Excel In An English CourseThough it may seem like there is no point in revising for an English Language assessment, there are some steps you really must take before entering the examination hall. Yes, you may be faced with unseen texts in the exam paper, but this does not mean that there is nothing you can do to prepare.Start off by reading revision guides (if you do not have any, your school library might be a good place to check) and any relevant notes taken in class. Re-analyse the linguistic aspects of the texts you covered on the syllabus to ensure you have investigated every possible me aning or message hidden in there. In addition, review various styles of texts not included on the course whenever possible to broaden your knowledge of alternative writing styles.As well as being able to analyse and compare texts while structuring clear responses, the examiner will expect you to display strong creative writing skills. As such, you should practice telling (and writing) stories to get accustomed to the idea of transferring imaginative thoughts into words.The more ideas for plots and characters you come up with, the better.This is because, when it comes to the day of the assessment, you could potentially apply or at least adapt some of your already established ideas to the question(s) being asked in this section. When it comes to writing, the content is extremely important but do remember that you will fail to get your message across well if you do not brush up on your grammar, vocabulary and punctuation too.It is a good idea to look into the best exam techniques for t his English course. If you are serious about being a member of the A* club, then take a look at exam answers written by those high-achieving pupils. Take note of the way they construct responses and the level of knowledge they display in their answers. It is never a good idea to copy anyone’s ideas, so when it comes to creative writing, let yourself be inspired by their work rather than trying to replicate it.Whether you see yourself being a top-scorer in English Language or not, answering past papers yourself is a great way to get ready for exams. Read more about where to find and how to use past papers below.Revision Tips For Students On GCSE English Literature CoursesMuch like with the English Language course, you might be wondering what you can gain from doing tonnes of revision for the literature assessment part. Firstly, the biggest mistake any English Literature student can make is to think that because they have the read the books on the syllabus in their entirety they wil l pass the exam with flying colours.A great grasp of the texts you have studied will carry you through your exam, but unless this is backed up by expertly written responses utilising key terminology, a clear understanding of the text in its cultural and historical contexts and a great command of grammar and vocabulary, you are unlikely to be awarded more than just an average score.Approaching the exam with some level of confidence is encouraged but pupils need to be realistic and educate themselves on the mark scheme. When you read the exam board’s notes, it will become evident that you need to know your texts inside-out and have read around the subject too.You will also come to realise why your teacher or English tutors keep on placing such an emphasis on exam technique â€" writing good essay responses doesn’t come naturally to many so is a skill to be learnt in itself!Where To Find Revision Materials For English Literature GCSEAs with the English Language course, you can find a vast range of materials online or in stores to help you with exam practice. Edexcel allows you to purchase sample assessment materials via the Pearson Education website, meanwhile Eduqas has a digital booklet available offering specimen exam documents.We will explain in more detail below how you can use these types of resources to better yourself in this subject, particularly when it comes to your exam style and technique.A top tip for English Literature students is to read, read, and read some more. If you think you analysed a piece of writing to death, think again. There will always be a new take or an alternative spin on every aspect of each text.This does not mean to say that you must go out of your way to find all of these differing views, but it should serve as a reminder to you to read a good amount of secondary materials and critical opinions to give you a solid level of knowledge surrounding the piece. The more you absorb, the stronger your arguments will be.Get English t uition from a qualified tutor. CalumDrama School Entrance Teacher 5.00 (15) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ToriSpanish Teacher 5.00 (1) £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors OliviaSchool support Teacher 5.00 (2) £21/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MarkESOL (English) Teacher 4.76 (17) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors YuweiChinese Teacher 4.33 (6) £19/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JenniferMusic reading Teacher 5.00 (1) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LouiseAutoCAD Teacher 5.00 (3) £60/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors RickyPercussion Teacher 5.00 (7) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors NicolasGuitar Teacher 5.00 (2) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MyriamOrganic chemistry Teacher 5.00 (13) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JonathanEconomics Teacher 5.00 (9) £40/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors Oluwakemi imoleMaths Teacher 5.00 (1) £30/h1st lesson fre e!Discover all our tutors AlexPhysics Teacher 5.00 (1) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AdamSinging Teacher 5.00 (14) £48/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ValentiniMusic reading Teacher 5.00 (2) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MilenaMaths Teacher 5.00 (5) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors RashmiEconomics Teacher 5.00 (1) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsGCSE English Past PapersDoing GCSE English past papers is probably the best form of revision you can do in the run up to your English GCSE exam, especially if you are new to essay-writing or formulating exam-style responses. By using past papers properly, you can work on improving your technique and growing in confidence. However, it is no good simply reading past paper questions or just jotting down answers haphazardly.How To Use Past Papers For Successful RevisionYou must train yourself to cope with the pressure of exams so make sure that you put yourself under the sa me conditions as you would in a real exam. If you are not sure what to expect from an examination centre, ask your English tutor to provide you with some details.Your English tutor London may organise a mock exam for you, or set a classroom task which simulates an exam. Either way, the key is to stay focused and to take away the maximum from this very valuable experience. Since you may not have sat in an exam hall before, you should know that there are many rules in place to ensure that every student has a fair assessment.This means that pupils must arrive on time, can only take a small number of items (including refreshments, stationery and, at times, books) into the hall with them and, most importantly, there is strictly no talking, passing notes or any other form of communication allowed.Exam-taking is not all about what you know and how well you cope under pressure though. A very important aspect of being assessed is the way you write your responses. Consulting past papers can e nhance your ability to respond well and gain extra marks by teaching you what it is the examiner is looking for.Familiarise yourself with the types of questions that are commonly set and ask yourself what it is they are trying to get out of you. Furthermore, find out what can add or lose you points in the exam, as mastering this technique could be the difference in you getting one grade or another when the results are published.Online Guides And Resources Designed For English CoursesIf you have not yet come across it, be sure to visit BBC Bitesize for your learning needs throughout the course. This website, dedicated to UK students of all ages and taking a variety of exams, will help to break down the topics in an easy way and will additionally make learning that little bit more fun.As well as BBC Bitesize, Revision World is a fantastic place for students to go during times of need. This easy to use website offers students study help, coursework assistance, essay writing tips, past papers and many more valuable resources to make revising easy and enjoyable.Getting hold of revision materials online is brilliant as most resources are easily accessible at the click of a button, plus they are usually free. In addition to websites, students should consider visiting and even participating in educational forums to get them used to discussing topics and backing up their ideas with concrete evidence (if another member notices a flaw in your argument, they will pick at it until you can prove them wrong).Lastly, you can also download a revision app to help you not only with exam preparation, but also to organise yourself in the run up to (and during) the busy and stressful exam period. Exam Pal promises to keep you on track thanks to data fed by the various exam boards. Meanwhile, Revision App, which was created by teachers, offers vast amounts of information designed to help you succeed in the exams.GCSE English Exam TimetablesIf, right now, it is hard to imagine yourse lf taking exams then seeing the published timetable with your English course assessment dates on it could make things feel a whole lot more real! Timetables for compulsory exams like GCSEs are released up to two years in advance but are subject to amendments until the final timetables are confirmed, usually in the 12 months prior to the assessment period.The GCSEs might be your first experience of an exam setting. Photo credit: ccarlstead via Visual HuntDepending on your GCSE options, you might notice a clash between two or more assessments. It is important that, in the event of an exam timetable clash, you contact your teacher who can rectify this with the exam board.There is something satisfying about knowing what will be happening on a particular day several months into the future. Why not use this to your advantage by planning revision sessions to fit around your exam schedule, so that you can visualise how the weeks leading to the exam period will pan out. Be sure to plan and d o  everything you want to do before reaching the date of the exam.For instance, if you want to visit a particular museum which focuses on life in the Victorian era ahead of writing about a literary piece set during this period, then make sure you do not waste any time and get this booked into your diary now. And, speaking of diaries, it is a good idea to highlight key dates in your diary, planner or on a calendar in your room to maintain your focus during those last weeks gearing up to exams.GCSE English for AdultsAs already mentioned, GCSEs are usually sat by teenagers in full-time education. However, many adults also take GCSE exams later in life for one reason or another. Perhaps they did not take the exams very seriously when they were younger and therefore did little revision, or maybe they are just not happy with the grade they achieved back then and think that they can improve on it now. In some cases, pupils go through traumatic times, whether family or health-related, which affect their attendance or their ability to focus on exams.Yet, more often than not, re-sits occur because the professional needs a higher grade in order to be accepted for a further education course or job.Having moved on from your teenage years, you will no doubt have had to fill in numerous application forms for one thing or another. As a child, you probably never considered how much your GCSE grades would count in the future, but the reality is that they crop up again and again on many official forms.The reason that admissions offices and employers need to know about your GCSE passes or fails is that the results  are a very important indicator of your basic capabilities in relation to core skills such as communication, numeracy and logical thinking. If you have an 'E' grade in one or more of these subjects, which as you may know is classed as a fail, the person assessing your suitability might be inclined to think that you are not a hard worker or perhaps that you lack in comm unication skills.Many companies have a policy whereby employees must display a certain level of attainment to be considered for a role with them, usually demanding a pass grade ('A'-'C') in English, Maths and Science.As an adult learner, you can either return to a college to complete the course on a full or part-time basis, or alternatively you can opt to work from home and register at your nearest examination centre. A wide range of courses are available, in line with the current specifications, and might include private tuition for a fee.

Online Algebra 1 Practice Tutors - Algebra 1 Tutors

Online Algebra 1 Practice Tutors - Algebra 1 Tutors H.C.F. (Highest common factor) and L.C.M. (Lowest common factor) is the part of algebra 1. Methods to solve H.C.F and L.C.M.: - Division method Factorization method. Lets practice few problems of algebra 1:- Example: - Find out the L.C.M. and H.C.F. by factorization i) X^2 + x, x^3 x ii) X^3 + 2 x^2, x^3 + 3 x^2 + 2 x Solution: - i) 1st expression = x^2 + x = x ( x + 1) 2nd expression = x^3 x = x ( x^2 -1) = x (x + 1) (x 1) The common factors of the two expressions are x and (x +1). Therefore H.C.F. = x (x + 1) (x 1) is the extra factor in the 2nd expression. Hence the required L.C.M. = x (x + 1) (x 1) ii) 1st expression = x^3 + 2 x^2= x^2 (x + 2) = x * x * ( x +2) 2nd expression = x^3 + 3 x^2 + 2 x = x(x^2+3x+ 2)=x (x^2 + 2 x + x + 2) =x {x ( x + 2 ) + 1 ( x + 2 )} =x (x + 2) (x + 1) In both the expressions, the common factors are x and x + 2 Therefor H.C.F. = x (x + 2) The extra factors are x in the 1st expression and x + 1 in the 2nd expression. Therefore L.C.M. = x ( x + 2) x (x + 1) = x^2 (x+1)(x+2)

Cytoplasm

Cytoplasm Cytoplasm: Cytoplasm can be defined as a thick solution that fills each cell and is enclosed by the cell membrane. It is mainly composed of water, salts, and proteins. In eukaryotic cells, the cytoplasm includes all of the material inside the cell and outside of the nucleus. Fundamentally cytoplasm is the constituent that occupies the space of the cell. It is a jelly-like constituent and it is 80% water and is generally pure and pale. It melts when it is frantic or stirred. Cytoplasm is stated as cytosol, which implies ingredient of the cell. The cell membrane surrounds the cytoplasm and it also surrounds the nucleus and the cellular organelles. Cytoplasm comprises of the cytoskeleton which provides the cell its shape. The cytoplasm is made of liquefied nutrients and it supports to dissolve discarded products. It aids the motion of the cellular constituents around the cell by a process termed as cytoplasmic streaming. Cytoplasm also contains several salts and is a good conductor of electricity. Cytoplasmic structure: Cytoplasm is the liquid where the organelles are suspended. It occupies the spaces which are not filled up by the organelles. The ingredients of cytoplasm are cytosol, organelles and cytoplasmic inclusions. Cytosol Cytosol makes up about 70%-80% of the capacity of the cell. It comprises of water, salts and organic fragments. Cytosol is made of a combination of cytoskeleton fibers, organic and inorganic compounds that are mixed in water. It also possesses protein filaments that constituents the cytoskeleton, soluble proteins and structures like ribosomes, proteasomes. The inner, more liquefied and granular region of the cytoplasm is referred as the endoplasm. The web of fibers and high absorptions of the dissolved macromolecules like proteins is responsible for macromolecular assembling. Organelles Organelles are membrane bound cellular structures which are present in the cytoplasm. They reside inside the cell and accomplish specific functions that are essential for the existence of the cell. Some of the components of the cell that are present in the cytosol are organelles like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, vacuoles, lysosomes and chloroplasts. img alt=Organelles data-cke-saved-src=https://images.tutorpace.com/biology/cytoplasm_3.jpg src=https://images.tutorpace.com/biology/cytoplasm_3.jpg 534px;= height:= 382px;= Cytoplasmic Inclusions The cytoplasmic inclusions are minute particles present in the cytosol. A massive range of inclusion bodies are present in different types of cell types. The different inclusions present are calcium oxalate crystals or silicon dioxide crystals of plants in order to store granule like starch, glycogen, etc. Lipid droplets are also example of inclusion bodies, which are spherical droplets, made of lipids and protein particles and are present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms as an intermediate to stock lipids like fatty acids and sterols. These drops occupy the volume of adipocytes which are specific storage cells, and are also found in other cell types. Functions of cytoplasm: Cytoplasm is the site where many biochemical reactions are carried out which are essential for maintaining life. The cytoplasm is the site where the cell extends and expands as it grows. The cytoplasm acts as a medium for the suspension of organelles. The cytoskeleton present in the cytoplasm gives shape to the cell and it also aids movement. It also facilitates the movement of the different cellular contents The enzymes present in the cytoplasm digest the macromolecules into much small parts for their proper digestion and availability for the other cellular organelles like mitochondria.

How to Prepare for an Open-Book Test

How to Prepare for an Open-Book Test The very phrase, Open Book Test, evokes immediate relief over students. It automatically de-stresses them due to its implications that studying isnt necessary and that very little preparation is needed. Unfortunately, these thoughts are a huge trap. Although it is perfectly understandable why one would think an open book test requires no studying, that is simply not the case. Here are some great tips on how to mentally prepare for test daythat you may find useful as well. Making an exam open-book certainly makes the test-taking process a lot easier, but it does not eliminate the need for studying altogether. The key to mastering these tests is mastering your notes, and there are a few steps to take for you to do that. Just having your textbook or semester-filled notebook by your side will not guarantee quick and easy answers to every test question you face. Going into this test blindly would be just as dangerous as going into regular test with such a blank mentality. The first step would be to organize your notes. If you just bring a few textbooks and notebooks with absolutely no idea where certain information is, then youll spend most of your testing time looking for answers rather than giving them. Go through your books and notes ahead of time to determine what topics they each cover and on what pages. Take some highlighters and post-its and mark sections as needed. Here are some more great study tips on how to organize your notes. More importantly, identify exactly what youll need to know for this test and then specifically mark the areas of your notes that pertain to those subjects. This way, youll only be searching through notes that you know are relevant to your test material. Being able to quickly recognize where specific topics lie in your notes is half the battle in conquering an open book test the quicker you can get to the answers, the quicker you can use them. Once youve gone through these loads of notes, narrow down the material to establish what you really need to bring with you to the exam. Bringing too much material will overwhelm and distract you, so it is best to only bring the items you definitely know youll benefit from. Open book tests can often make students forget that they can, in fact, still memorize certain facts/concepts and dont have to rely on the notes for everything. Approaching the test this way will reinforce your confidence and allow you to identify which concepts you actually do need the notes for. After youve narrowed down the study material to bring to the test, examine all of it once again. This is both to familiarize yourself with it and see how well you respond to it at a glance. The reason for this is that you dont want to show up to the test with notes that once worked for you and then realize you have no idea what those bullet points mean anymore. Perhaps its been too long since you actually scribbled those notes down or maybe you just cant make out your handwriting from that day. Either way, it is important that you determine any of these possible issues and fix them. Annotate your notes with updated summarizations of what the main points are; re-write the entire page if you have to. Do whatever it takes to make sure you are providing yourself with notes that make sense to you so you will have no trouble comprehending them. You may also want to check out this guide to the study guidethat may help you prepare as well. Overall, remember to keep the importance of test preparation in mind even when facing an open book test. The teacher is allowing you an incredibly helpful resource dont waste it by getting too comfortable! Prepare adequately and that comfort will take precedence when test-taking time arrives.